Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) is a liquid biofuel that replaces conventional, petroleum-based jet fuel to reduce the environmental impact of commercial flights. It is produced from renewable waste streams, including used cooking oils, animal fats, crop residues and municipal household trash. Because SAF is a ‘drop-in fuel’. It shares the exact same chemical structure as fossil jet kerosene. This allows airlines to blend it with regular fuel, powering existing aircraft engines and using standard feeling infrastructure without requiring costly modifications.

The primary benefit of SAF is the ability to lower lifecycle CO2 emissions by up to 80% compared to traditional jet fuel. While burning SAF still releases CO2, the organic materials used to make it originally absorbed CO2 from the atmosphere, creating a significantly cleaner loop. As the global aviation industry aims for net-zero emissions by 2050, scaling up SAF production remains the most viable near-term solution to decarbonise long-haul lights, despite current challenges with high production costs and limited market availability.